The World Health Organisation, WHO, has warned of a rising cancer burden. Bre.ast cancer remains the most common cancer among women in Nigeria, with many myths, cultural perceptions, and structural barriers hindering early detection and treatment
In this exclusive interview with Daily Post, Dr Nwamaka Lasebikan, Director of Research and Innovation at the National Institute for Cancer Research and Treatment, NICRAT, shares insights. Excerpts:
Breast Cancer awareness in Nigeria
She had this to say: “Breast cancer remains the most common cancer among women in Nigeria, yet many myths, cultural perceptions, and structural barriers hinder early detection and treatment. Misinformation about breast cancer is widespread in Nigeria, and it often leads to delayed diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes.
One of the most common myths include that ‘breast cancer is caused by spiritual attacks or witchcraft.’ Many believe cancer is a punishment or an attack from spiritual forces. This misconception discourages people from seeking medical care and instead relying on traditional healers. Breast cancer is a biological disease, not a spiritual affliction.
Some also erroneously say ‘If I don’t feel pain, it’s not cancer.’ However, most early-stage breast cancers are painless. Waiting for pain before seeking medical help can lead to late-stage diagnosis.
There are many who believe that ‘breast cancer means automatic death.’ This belief stems from the fact that many cases in Nigeria are diagnosed at stage 3 or 4, when treatment options are limited. However, early detection through clinical breast exams, ultrasounds, and mammograms significantly improves survival rates.
There’s also this wrong notion that ‘Only women get breast cancer.’ While much less common, men can also develop breast cancer, and stigma often prevents them from seeking help.
Meanwhile, to some certain people, it’s believed that ‘Squeezing or touching the breast too much causes cancer.’ However, there is no scientific evidence that breast stimulation causes cancer.
Addressing these misconceptions through community outreach, media campaigns, and culturally sensitive education programs is crucial to improving early diagnosis and treatment outcomes in Nigeria”.
Most common risk factors for developing breast cancer
According to the medical expert, “Breast cancer risk factors include a mix of biological, environmental, and lifestyle influences.
The risk increases with age, but younger women (30s–40s) are increasingly being diagnosed.
Family history and genetics is also a factor. A strong family history of breast cancer raises the risk, especially if a mother, sister, or aunt has had the disease, i.e. first degree relative.
Women who have their first child after 30 or have never given birth have a higher risk due to prolonged exposure to estrogen.
Lack of breastfeeding is a risk factor too. Breastfeeding reduces risk by lowering estrogen levels, but many urban women are opting for shorter breastfeeding periods.
Then you talk of obesity and poor diet. It’s important to stress here that high consumption of processed foods, trans fats, and sugary drinks is a growing problem in Nigeria, increasing cancer risk.
In addition, alcohol and smoking – as lifestyle factors, once uncommon in Nigerian women – are becoming more prevalent and contributing to increased cases.
Another risk factor is exposure to environmental toxins. Nigeria has poor waste management and industrial pollution, leading to increased exposure to carcinogenic chemicals that can affect breast tissue.
So, understanding these risk factors enables individuals to make proactive lifestyle changes and prioritize regular screenings.”
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