The Federal Government has issued a nationwide health alert over the spread of multiple infectious disease outbreaks across Nigeria
In a statement released Friday on its official website, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) confirmed active outbreaks of cholera, dengue fever, Mpox, diphtheria, and yellow fever in several states.
“The situation demands heightened vigilance and intensified response efforts from all stakeholders,” the agency warned, stressing the urgency of addressing the escalating health crisis.
As of epidemiological week 26 (June 23–29, 2025), suspected cholera cases have been recorded in 34 states, with Zamfara State alone accounting for 32% of the total. Other significantly affected states include Bayelsa, Adamawa, Delta, Lagos, and Rivers.
Cholera, a waterborne disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, can lead to severe dehydration and death if untreated.
The NCDC also reported a recent dengue fever outbreak in Edo State between June 9 and 13, confirmed through laboratory tests. Dengue, like yellow fever, is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and is often exacerbated by poor sanitation and environmental conditions.
“Nigeria is already experiencing a rising incidence of cholera, while yellow fever and dengue fever are beginning to be detected in some states,” the agency said.
Seven laboratory-confirmed cases of yellow fever have been reported in Abia, Anambra, Edo, Ekiti, Lagos, and Rivers states. The NCDC emphasized that vaccination remains the most effective way to prevent yellow fever.
Meanwhile, Mpox and diphtheria remain ongoing threats. Mpox typically causes fever, rashes, and swollen lymph nodes, while diphtheria can result in life-threatening throat infections and breathing difficulties.
The NCDC urged Nigerians to adopt preventive measures, including eliminating stagnant water around homes, sleeping under insecticide-treated nets, using mosquito repellents, maintaining personal hygiene, and avoiding self-medication.
It also warned that early testing is crucial, as dengue and yellow fever often mimic malaria in their early stages, which can delay accurate diagnosis and treatment.
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